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Management Ideas For Privately Held Companies

The goal of The Wigder Report is to provide challenging ideas that will be useful for privately held and family businesses.

The Compensation Dilemma

by Harvey Wigder

Getting compensation right is critical for every business. Compensation pulls us in different directions. First, the money to retain and motivate employees is one of our largest expenses. We need to control those costs. Second, people are "our most important asset." We need to spend enough to make them feel valued and find ways to take full advantage of their skills and potential. Can we control costs and build the value of our human assets? This article is about striking a balance.

These columns have focused on building "unbeatable" teams. In my mind, an unbeatable team has the following elements.

Clearly, there is more to building unbeatable teams than a well-designed compensation program. Yet, the compensation program is a critical element. How can a business owner approach compensation strategically as part of a program to build an unbeatable team?

A good place to start is with a fable from Steven R. Covey's all-time business classic, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People.*

The fable is the story of a poor framer who one day discovers in the nest of his pet goose a glittering golden egg. At first, he thinks it must be some kind of trick. But as he starts to throw the egg aside, he has second thoughts and takes it in to be appraised instead.

The egg is pure gold! The farmer can't believe his good fortune. He becomes even more incredulous the following day when the experience is repeated. Day after day, he awakens to rush to the nest and find another golden egg. He becomes fabulously wealthy' it all seems too good to be true.

But with his increasing wealth comes greed and impatience. Unable to wait day after day for the golden eggs, the farmer decides he will kill the goose and get them all at once. But when he opens the goose, he finds it empty. There are no golden eggs--and now there is no way to get any more. The farmer has destroyed the goose that produced them.

I suggest that within this fable is a natural law, a principle--the basic definition of effectiveness. Most people see effectiveness from the golden egg paradigm: the more you produce, them more you do, the more effective you are.

But as the story shows, true effectiveness is a function of two things: what is produced (the golden eggs) and the producing asset or capacity to produce (the goose).

If you adopt a pattern of life that focuses on golden eggs and neglects the goose, you will soon be without the asset that produces golden eggs. On the other hand, if you only take care of the goose with no aim toward the golden eggs, you soon won't have the wherewithal to feed yourself or the goose.

Effectiveness lies in the balance--what I call the P/PC Balance. P stands for production of desired results, the golden eggs. PC stands for production capability, the ability or asset that produces the golden eggs.

* Fireside Books, 1989, pp52-54.

In compensation, the right P/PC balance means developing a program that controls costs and encourages retention and the development of employee skills and potential, particularly those most valuable to the business.

A compensation program can be divided into three components, listed in order that they are likely to receive attention.

  • Base Salary

  • Variable or incentive compensation

  • Compensation to encourage skill and potential development and retention of employees

How do you mange each of these to best advantage?

Base Salary
When a business starts or is struggling to survive, cash flow determines compensation. Success leads to organizational complexity and the challenge to manage compensation costs while ensuring market rates (to recruit well-qualified people) and internal equity (so that employees feel that compensation is fair).

A salary structure that organizes base salaries in terms of value to the company and assigns salary ranges to jobs allows a company to control expenses, while factoring market conditions and employee equity into the equation. A salary structure is the first building block in striking the right P/PC balance.

Incentive Programs
When a business starts, the easiest way to pay bonuses is from profits. In an incentive program that motivates performance, rewards are linked to job responsibilities so that each employee's behavior is a significant determinant of the reward. In a small organization where everyone is top management, these conditions are met, more or less. As the organization gets more complex and employees are further removed from management, profit sharing incentives have less and less motivational value because individual performance has less and less to do with individual incentive payments.

Indeed many studies show that the most important element in an incentive program is the opportunity to impact results. The connection between job responsibilities and the metrics for reward is more important than the size of the reward! Of course total pay must be competitive to attract and retain employees. However, the design of the program has a major impact on performance.

A well-designed incentive program helps build profits and, just as important, directs incentive payments to those who contribute most to the success of the company.

Development
Employees know that they are important to a company when the company shows interest in their development. Systematic attention to development of human assets is not part of the agenda of most organizations. Everyone is too busy! Yet, this is more critical

Companies that develop talent devote time to determining where new talent is needed, who the most valuable employees are, and what is being done to compensate them and develop them. They understand that value is more important than cost and that the reward for nurturing talent is succession depth and fewer resignations of the most valuable people. The expense of such a focus is minimal. When development is a priority, the organization can walk the walk and communicate two important things to key employees: (1) they are valued, and (2) their future and the future of the company are aligned.

Now is the time to evaluate your company's compensation program and ensure that it helps you control cost AND nurture your most important asset. It is also the time to plan to develop the skills and potential of your best employees as a critical step in building the future success of your organization. Give me a call. Lets talk about what you can do now.

Permission to reprint this article is granted, provided you let me know where it is being printed, the copyright is not removed, and the following text accompanies each article:

Harvey Wigder is the principal of Fulcrum Resource Group. He works with the owners of private companies to develop and implement recruiting, compensation and retention strategies. Contact him at 617-964-1855 with you comments and suggestions on small business management issues.

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